Hand has case as most valuable reliever on the market

Slider-heavy dominance mirrors career path of Miller

July 17th, 2017

The best reliever you don't know has all of four career saves, along with a 15-33 record and a 4.06 ERA. He was actually cut by the Marlins on Opening Day just last year, then claimed by the Padres for the low price of "free," and if this doesn't sound like the profile of a pitcher who is likely to bring back a massive return this month should San Diego decide to make him available, well, that'd be easily understandable.
But it would also be a mistake. The relatively unimpressive career numbers of Padres lefty Brad Hand no longer matter, at all. What matters now is the All-Star pitcher he's become since coming to San Diego (more importantly, to the bullpen), and how the combination of his dominance and his incredibly friendly contract situation make him likely to merit a huge prospect package. If you don't know why Hand is so valuable, it's time to understand why -- and why his value may be equal or higher to bigger trade targets like Zach Britton, (each signed through 2018) or (signed through '17).
In order to understand Hand, let's talk for a second, about . Like Hand, Miller is a lefty who spent much of his early time in the Majors struggling to succeed as a starter, mainly for the Marlins. Miller made 66 career starts, none past his age-26 season, putting up a 5.70 ERA. Likewise, Hand made 43 starts, all for Miami, with a 4.86 ERA, with his final start coming at 25 years old.

As you may have noticed, Miller left the Marlins, went to the bullpen and became one of baseball's most dominant weapons, first with Boston and Baltimore before signing with the Yankees and being dealt to Cleveland. Of course, if you'd looked at his career numbers at the time he signed a four-year, $36 million contract with the Yankees prior to 2015, you'd have seen "30-38, 4.91 ERA, one save," which doesn't reflect the fact that after becoming strictly a reliever in 2012, he'd put up a 2.57 ERA and 202 strikeouts in 133 1/3 innings in three seasons before free agency. What mattered is what the relief version of Miller had done, not his career stats.
So let's safely ignore what Hand did as a 21-year-old starter in 2011 and focus more on how he ranks among among the 208 relievers who have thrown at least 50 innings in 2016-17.
Hand's ranks among relievers in 2016-17 (minimum 50 innings)
Innings:        
137 1/3 (2nd)
ERA:               2.69 (32nd)
wOBA:          .258 (33rd)
K%:                31.1 (21st)
WAR:              2.8 (9th)
Not only that, Hand has increased his whiff rate this year (from 30.5 to 32.1) and decreased his walk rate, from 9.9 percent to 6.8. He's dropped his ERA from 2.92 to 2.25; he's dropped his hard-hit rate from 38 percent to 26. The most impressive number on that leaderboard might just be "innings pitched," where he's second only to ; it's one thing to pitch like he has, and another to have done it over nearly twice as many innings as, say, . In a world where Miller-esque multi-inning relievers have gained new value, Hand fits in perfectly.
So know that you know Hand has been really good as a reliever, you're probably wondering why, and the Miller comparisons aren't going to stop here. When Miller moved to the bullpen, he was able to make two big changes. He dropped his ineffective sinker and changeup to focus entirely on four-seamers and sliders, and his velocity increased in shorter stints. Hand's velocity actually didn't increase, surprisingly, but he also dropped his weakest pitches, a curve and a changeup, to also focus on just fastballs and sliders.

In fact, Hand throws so many sliders that if you look at all the lefties who have thrown at least 500 pitches this year, you'll see our two comparison points in the top three names on the list.
Highest slider percentage by lefties in 2017 (minimum 500 total pitches)
58.9 percent -- Miller, Indians
48.5 percent -- Dan Jennings, White Sox
45.2 percent -- Hand, Padres
40.7 percent -- , D-backs
40.3 percent -- Mike Dunn, Rockies
There's been similar results, too. While Miller throws his slider harder (83.7 mph to 81.7 mph), the outcomes are essentially identical. Using our most advanced Statcast™ metrics, which accounts not only for quality of contact (via exit velocity and launch angle) but also amount of contact made, Hand has allowed an Expected wOBA of .164; Miller, .167. The Major League average for lefty pitchers? .242.
They even sort of look the same. Here's Hand...

...and here's MIller.

Yet while Hand's velocity didn't increase with the shift to the bullpen, it's interesting to note that his four-seam spin rate did, which is somewhat unusual. High spin rate on fastballs, which allow the ball to defy gravity and offer the "rising fastball" effect, can be positively correlated to an increase in swinging strikes. The Major League average four-seam spin rate this year is 2,259 rpm, while Hand's spin has jumped from 2,367 rpm (2015) to 2,483 rpm ('16) to 2,533 rpm ('17).
That last number, 2,533 rpm, isn't just good, it's borderline elite. Of 383 pitchers who have thrown 100 four-seamers this year, Hand's spin rate is ninth, behind interesting names like and Matt Bush. If we just look at lefties, we have 97 names…
Top four-seam fastball spin in 2017 by lefties (minimum 100 thrown)
2,605 rpm -- Mike Minor, Royals
2,557 rpm -- , Yankees
2,533 rpm -- Hand, Padres
2,497 rpm -- , Yankees
2,464 rpm -- , Twins
Names in the next group on the list include , Felipe Rivero and Rich Hill. It's a good list to be high on; while high spin doesn't guarantee success, Minor and Shreve have each been quietly striking out more than a hitter per inning. For his part, Hand's four-seam whiff rate has jumped about a point each year.
But for all the numbers that show how effective Hand has been, the two that may add the most value are "$1.375 million," which is what Hand is making in 2017, and "2019", his final year of club control. That means that he's not a mere rental, and he fits into anyone's payroll; he's barely making more than the minimum this year, and the arbitration process is still far enough behind the curve that a pitcher with few wins or saves won't get much of a raise.
A multi-inning reliever, one who's never had an arm injury, who isn't limited to facing only lefties, who brings some strong comparisons to Miller, who is under control for 2 1/2 years at a fraction of his true value, is an incredibly valuable piece. We probably aren't talking the territory of or , because Hand isn't yet Chapman or Miller. He's better than his career line or name value would suggest, however. The Padres can trade Hand for a ton if they so desire -- and they'll be more than justified to do so.